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| Title: | OXYGEN ENHANCED BREATH-HOLD: IMMERSION AND TEMPERATURE EFFECTS. |
| Authors: | Natoli, MJ
Hobbs, GW
Pollock, NW
Stolp, BW
Corkey, WB
Gabrielova, I
Hendricks, DM
Schinazi, EA
Almon, AK
Pieper, CF
Vann, RD |
| Keywords: | oxygen
immersion
temperature
water
diver
male |
| Issue Date: | 2000 |
| Abstract: | BACKGROUND: We reported data from Phase 2 (dry) of an oxygen breath-hold (BH) study at the 1998 UHMS Meeting. We examine the effects of immersion (Phase 3) and water temperature (Phase 4) below (see additional data - Vann et al., this meeting). METHODS: Phases 2 and 3: Five healthy, untrained males (35±8 y [mean±SD], 24-45) performed breath-holds while dry (T=25.0±0.7°C) and immersed under thermoneutral conditions (T=34.7±0.3°C). Phase 4: Six experienced male BH divers (37±12 y, 21-57) performed breath-holds while immersed as above and in a pool (T=28.3±1.1 °C). All trials were preceded by one minute of hyperventilation (20 breaths/min) and a single maximal breath of air or oxygen followed by BH at rest or 75 watts cycling exercise. Measurements included BH time (BHT) and PETCO2 at BH breakpoint. RESULTS: Phases 2 and 3: BHT increased with a single breath of oxygen and with immersion (p<0.01) and decreased with exercise. Phases 2 and 3 (0=5), Phase 4 (n=6); Rest, Exercise, Rest; Gas, Dry, Wet, Dry, Wet, Wet 28°C, Wet 35°C; BHTime (sec), Air, 136±30, 129±43, 59±12, 88±9, 155±39, 180±77; O2, 237±74, 214±105, 83±23, 120±19, 282±85, 321±96; PetCO2 (mm Hg), Air, 51±5, 46±4, 57±6, 41±5, 55±6, 47±5; O2, 65±8, 48±9, 76±10 61±8, 71±12, 55±11. after both air and oxygen (p<0.001). Breakpoint PETCO2 increased with a single breath of oxygen (p<0.0001), increased with exercise after both air and oxygen (p<0.01), and decreased with immersion (p<0.0001). Phase 4: BHT again increased after a single oxygen breath (P<0.0001) and decreased in cooler water (P=0.07). Breakpoint PETCO2 increased after a single oxygen breath and in cooler water (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Phases 2 and 3: Immersion in warm water was associated with increased BHT and decreased PETCO2 compared to dry BH. Phase 4: Immersion in cooler water decreased BHT and increased PETCO2. Immersion and temperature effects may be associated with increased CO2 storage in peripheral tissues due to blood redistribution (Chang and Lundgren, Eur J Appl Physiol (1996) 73:210-218). |
| Description: | Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc. (http://www.uhms.org) |
| URI: | http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/6730 |
| Appears in Collections: | UHMS Meeting Abstracts
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